Entwicklungsring Süd V/STOL Aircraft
Entwicklungsring Süd GmbH (Germany)
Heinkel, Messerschmitt, Bölkow -> Entwicklungsring Süd (1959) -> Messerschmit-Bölkow, Heinkel
| VJ 101 C |
Lift + Lift/Cruise |
Novemer 1959
VJ 101C 15-00001-11 variant with horizontaly podded engines and vertical lift engines.
VJ 101C 00002-11 variant with vertically podded engines and forward exhausting lift engines.
VJ 101 C2, early 1963 proposed by the U.S./German V/STOL Collaboration Committee
- Lift Power: two RB.162-34
- Lift/Cruise Power: four GE1-J1B engines with afterburners
VJ 101 2N, early 1963 proposed by the U.S./German V/STOL Collaboration Committee
- Lift Power: two GE1-J1C each turbofan engine produced 5,250 lb of thrust
- Lift/Cruise Power: four GE1-J1C engines with afterburners
- Maximum VTOL Weight: 15,000 kg (33,070 lb)
VJ 101C trainer, late summer of 1960
- T1: a side-by-side two-seater, with both lift engines located side by side as well
- T2: one and one-seater. The second cockpit was located separately, aft of the lift engine bay in the center section of the fuselage
VJ 101C X3, Februrary 1965
Double-seater with have an operational capability in addition to its training function.
- Lift Power: two engines immediately behind the cockpit
- Lift/Cruise Power: four RB. 145 (3.550 lb thrust) engine, two engines in each rotating wing-tip nacelle.
- Maximum Speed: Mach 1.43 @ 11,000 m (36,000 ft) altitude
- VTOL Range: 216 km (117 nm), @ Mach 0.7 and 227 kg (500 lb) external
- Wing span: ca. 5.9 m
- Length: ca. 16.35 m
- Height: ca. 4.15 m
- Maximum VTOL Weight: 9,513 kg (20,950 lb)
- 3-side-view
VJ 101C X4
Concept for the Luftwaffe (German Airforce)
- Lift Power: one RB 162-34 engine
- Lift/Cruise Power: two RB.153-61 engine, total thrust 7,965 kg (17,560 lb)
- VTOL Range: 200 km (110 nm), with 455 kg (1000 lb) external
- Wing span: ca. 5.9 m
- Length: ca. 16.35 m
- Height: ca. 4.15 m
- Maximum VTOL Weight: 7,360 kg (16,225 lb)
- Maximum Take-off weight: 8,690 kg (19,158 lb)
VJ 101C X4A
Concept for the Luftwaffe (German Airforce). Design study ended at the end of 1966
- Lift Power: two RB 162-34 engine
- Lift/Cruise Power: two RB.153-61 engine, total thrust 9,386 kg (20,693 lb)
- VTOL Range: 450 km (243 nm), Mach 0.7 at sea level with 455 kg (1000 lb) external
- Wing span: 6.42 m
- Length: 15.70 m
- Height: 4.13 m
- 3-side-view
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| VJ 101D |
Lift + Lift/Cruise |
Planned Operational Version. NATO convocation AC-169 started summer 1961 and canceled in fall 1964.
The requirements changed from a high altitude supersonic VTOL-capable interceptor (VJ 101C) to a low altitude VTOL strike fighter, with a secondary high altitude supersonic capability.
- Lift Power: of five RB.162-31 engines (each 24.5 kN [5,500 lb] thrust) were located in a long column in the forward fuselage
- Lift/Cruise Power: two afterburning Rolls-Royce/MAN Turbomotoren RB.153-61 turbofan engines located in the aft fuselage
- Maximum Speed: Mach 2.2 at high altitude, Mach 1.15 at sea level
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| VJ 101E |
Lift + Vectored Thrust |
Developed August 1964, two-seater.
- Lift Power: lift engines could be tilted to 45°, which improved short take-off runs.
- Lift/Cruise Power: two engines fitted with three bearing swivel nozzles (Schwenknachbrenner, SNB, or "swiveling afterburner").
A RB.153-76A, an 8,480 lb (37.7 kN) version of the RB.153-61, capable of 14,790 lb (65.8 kN) thrust in afterburner.
- Wing span: ca. 7.22 m
- Length: ca 16.15 m
- Height: ca 5.28 m
- 3-side-view
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| AVS |
Lift + Vectored Thrust |
Advanced Vertical Strike-Fighter
Joint-venture with Fairchild-Republic
Developed begins December 1964. The design studies were completed in March 1966.
An "ad hoc" joint company was formed, designated EWR/Fairchild International.
The System Definition Phase began on 1 January 1967.
After the end of the definition phase of the program in November 1966, the two governments (USA/Germany) announced on 31 January 1968 that they had decided not to renew the contracts that were expiring on 19 March.
The total cost of the studies had been approximately $100M (DM 400M).
- Lift Power: four RR/Alison XJ99 engines who could be swing out of the fuselage.
- Lift/Cruise Power: two RB.153-61 engines with afterburner.
- Maximum Speed: Mach 2.2 at 15,400 m (50,000 ft), Mach 1.0 at 150 m (500 ft)
- Mission Range: 300-450 nm (555-850 km)
- Payload: 21,000 kg (13,250 lb)
- 3-side-view
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| A400 |
Lift + Vectored Thrust |
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After the conclusion of the AVS studies, EWR, was again funded and continued developing its design, designated A400.
Although somewhat smaller than the AVS, it employed the same propulsion scheme, but emphasis was shifted to STOL.
Variants were studied with retracting lift engines (A400) for vertical operations and without lift engines (A400S) for pure STOL performance.
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Designated "EK" for Erdkämpfer, or "Ground Fighter".
Designed in 1959.
This engines composite scheme was very similar to the Soviet Yak-38 Forger design that was underway about 8 years later.
- Lift Power: two lift engines located just behind the cockpit, exhausting at about a 15º fixed forward vector.
- Lift/Cruise Power: two lift/cruise engines that vectored exhaust from vertical to horizontal beneath the rear fuselage.
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Designed in 1960. This was the propulsion concept that was flight tested on both the Dassault Balzac and the Mirage III V in 1962-66.
- Lift Power: two banks of four lift engines
- Cruise Power: single cruise engine
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Designed in 1961 based on EK-11.
- Lift Power: three engines arranged in single file behind the cockpit
- Lift/Cruise Power: two engines with SNB three-bearing swivel nozzles at the rear of the aircraft
The 1962 EK-18/29 variant. which was augmented by
- Lift Power: two engines, a single lift engine at the center of gravity and another just behind the cockpit.
- Lift/Cruise Power: two larger engines that allowed the use a single rear powerplant.
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| EK-420 (VAK 191C) |
Lift + Cruise |
In 1963, the EK-Type 420 is a - essentially a scaled down VJ 101D.
This propulsion concept was similar to that of the Short SC.1, which had been flight tested in 1958, and the Fiat G.95/4.
- Lift Power: four RB.162-11 lift engines aligned along the fuselage centerline
- Cruise Power: single RB.153-61 as the cruise engine
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VJ 101C 00002-11 variant with vertically podded engines and forward exhausting lift engines.
